针对的是Intel的CPU，而GPU无论是ATI还是Nvidia无关紧要。
基本的操作系统安装好了之后的第一件事（初始的前提是网络是通畅的）是更新apt-get的源，由于默认的更新源的速度不怎么快，所以推荐加入163的更新源（当然啊只是在电信网络下很快，教育网就不清楚了），因此自己写了个脚本，update_apt-get_sources.sh ，然后在终端下
代码： 全选
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
cd /etc/apt/
sudo echo "
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 9.10 _Karmic Koala_ - Release i386 (20091028.2)]/ karmic main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ karmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic main universe restricted multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic main universe restricted multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic main restricted
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates main restricted
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic universe
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates universe
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-updates multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ karmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu karmic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu karmic partner
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu karmic-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu karmic-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu karmic-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu karmic-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu karmic-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu karmic-security multiverse
" >sources.list
sudo apt-get update然后，知道要做什么吗，个人觉得就是为firefox安装flash插件了，现在哪个网页不用flash技术，于是就写了第二个脚本
代码： 全选
#!/bin/sh
cd /tmp
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/multiverse/f/flashplugin-nonfree/flashplugin-nonfree_10.0.32.18ubuntu1_i386.deb
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/multiverse/f/flashplugin-nonfree/flashplugin-installer_10.0.32.18ubuntu1_i386.deb
wget -c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gsfonts-x11/gsfonts-x11_0.21_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i gsfont*.deb
sudo dpkg -i flash*.deb
echo "安装flash插件完成"
cd /etc/fonts/conf.d/
sudo echo "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM \"fonts.dtd\">
<fontconfig>
<!--
If the font still has no generic name, add sans-serif
-->
<match target=\"pattern\">
<test qual=\"all\" name=\"family\" compare=\"not_eq\">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<test qual=\"all\" name=\"family\" compare=\"not_eq\">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<test qual=\"all\" name=\"family\" compare=\"not_eq\">
<string>monospace</string>
</test>
<edit name=\"family\" mode=\"append_last\">
<string>sans</string>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>" >49-sansserif.conf
echo "配置flash插件完成"还有几件重要的事需要解决，显卡的驱动，能不能装成功真的要看人品了，有人把系统装崩了，而自己是基本上成功，用起来没啥问题。再就是开特效，进入“系统 》首选项 》外观 》视觉效果 》扩展”，就好了，在关这个窗口的瞬即，你就会感受到效果的震撼，同时推荐一款ubuntu下的管理软件 Ubuntu Tweak ，自己也写了个脚本，直接
代码： 全选
cd /tmp
wget -c http://launchpad.net/ubuntu-tweak/0.4.x/0.4.9.2/+download/ubuntu-tweak_0.4.9.2-1~karmic1_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i ubuntu-tweak_0.4.9.2-1~karmic1_i386.deb
echo "Ubuntu Tweak 安装完成"再就是安装mplayer，如果不介意可以把下面作为一个脚本运行，
代码： 全选
#!/bin/bash
sudo apt-get install mplayer mplayer-fonts
cd /etc/mplayer/
sudo cp mplayer.conf mplayer.conf.backup
sudo echo "
#
# MPlayer configuration file
#
# Configuration files are read system-wide from /etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf
# and per user from ~/.mplayer/config, where per-user settings override
# system-wide settings, all of which are overrriden by the command line.
#
# The configuration file settings are the same as the command line
# options without the preceding '-'.
#
# See the CONFIGURATION FILES section in the man page
# for a detailed description of the syntax.
##################
# video settings #
##################
# Specify default video driver (see -vo help for a list).
vo=xv,x11
# FBdev driver:
#
# mode to use (read from fb.modes)
#fbmode = 640x480-120
#
# location of the fb.modes file
#fbmodeconfig = /etc/fb.modes
# Specify your monitor timings for the vesa and fbdev video output drivers.
# See /etc/X11/XF86Config for timings. Be careful; if you specify settings
# that exceed the capabilities of your monitor, you may damage it.
#
# horizontal frequency range (k stands for 1000)
#monitor-hfreq = 31.5k-50k,70k
#
# vertical frequency range
#monitor-vfreq = 50-90
#
# dotclock (or pixelclock) range (m stands for 1000000)
#monitor-dotclock = 30M-300M
# Start in fullscreen mode by default.
#fs=yes
# Change to a different videomode when going fullscreen.
#vm=yes
# Override the autodetected color depth, may need 'vm=yes' as well.
#bpp=0
# Enable software scaling (powerful CPU needed) for video output
# drivers that do not support hardware scaling.
zoom=yes
# standard monitor size, with square pixels
#monitoraspect=4:3
# Use this for a widescreen monitor, non-square pixels.
#monitoraspect=16:9
# Keep the player window on top of all other windows.
#ontop=yes
##################
# audio settings #
##################
# Use pulse, then alsa, then SDL video with the aalib subdriver by default.
ao=alsa,pulse,sdl:aalib
# Use SDL audio driver with the esd subdriver by default.
#ao = sdl:esd
# Specify the mixer device.
mixer = /dev/mixer
# Resample the sound to 44100Hz with the lavcresample audio filter.
af=lavcresample=44100
##################
# other settings #
##################
stop-xscreensaver=yes
# Pretend to be Window Media Player.
# Fixes playback when playlist and media file use the same URL.
#user-agent=NSPlayer/4.1.0.3856
# Drop frames to preserve audio/video sync.
#framedrop = yes
# Specify your preferred skin here (skins are searched for in
# /usr/local/share/mplayer/skins/<name> and ~/.mplayer/skins/<name>).
#skin = Abyss
# Resample the font alphamap.
# 0 plain white fonts
# 0.75 very narrow black outline (default)
# 1 narrow black outline
# 10 bold black outline
#ffactor = 0.75
# cache settings
#
# Use 8MB input cache by default.
cache = 8192
#
# Prefill 20% of the cache before starting playback.
cache-min = 20.0
#
# Prefill 50% of the cache before restarting playback after the cache emptied.
cache-seek-min = 50
# DVD: Display English subtitles if available.
#slang = en
# DVD: Play English audio tracks if available.
#alang = en
###################
# DVDNAV Settings #
###################
#vc=ffmpeg12,
# You can also include other configuration files.
#include = /path/to/the/file/you/want/to/include
" >mplayer.conf
cd /tmp/
wget -c ftp://ftp.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-20071007.tar.bz2
wget -c http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/all-20071007.tar.bz2
tar jxvf essential-20071007.tar.bz2
tar jxvf all-20071007.tar.bz2
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/codecs/
sudo mv essential*/* /usr/lib/codecs/
sudo mv all-2007*/* /usr/lib/codecs/
sudo apt-get install mozilla-mplayer
echo "安装结束"
再就是播放音乐，请参阅http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?tit ... iant=zh-cn中的信息。
还要说明一下自动挂载硬盘的事，先
代码： 全选
ls -al /dev/disk/by-uuid