然后就chroot 进入 $root 安装内核 gcc xorg gonme fcitx 等
脚本有3个 两个是必须的
本来有1个 但如果这样用gedit编辑就动起来很慢
就分成3个
脚本从debinstall.sh 的do_main开始(我喜欢c的做法)
脚本运行的条件是有个linux和debootstrap
手册说unix(只要有ar和wget)也可以了但我没有试过
我只在debian和ubuntu下用过
也就是debian装ubuntu ro ubtuntu to debian
这样不会让我在安装时不能使用电脑了
当然了 我写这脚本主要是方便自己同时也是学习一下shell
所以还是有问题的 很多问题是因为软件包依赖我不是清楚
1. acpid 等包在apt-get 哪里老是报错
让它不报错的方法在fun.sh 的set_things 函数那里(哪个东西很怪,事实证明有效)
2 .安装之后 ubuntu 在gnome的动起来时的那个东西不是很象(绝对是gnome的)ubuntu的
但gdm的界面跟一般方法安装的一样
3 . 它安装的软件看起来比一般方法少
我想这个时我要的
debinstall.sh
代码： 全选
#!/bin/bash
export LC_ALL=C
root=
rootdev=
arch=
target=
url=
desktop=
x=
xorg="x-window-system-core x11-common xfonts-utils"
hostname=`hostname`
tmpout=">>/tmp/install.log"
release=
debug=
usage()
{
cat <<eof
Usage: debinstall.sh [root=..] [rootdev=..] [arch=i386/..] [url=..] [target=..]
others:destop x=yes/no cleanroot=no/yes --help
eof
return 0
}
args() ###arguements analysis
{
echo "argsing ..."
while [ ! "x$1" == "x" ]
do
case $1 in
root=*)root=${1#root=}
shift
;;
rootdev=*)rootdev=${1#rootdev=}
shift
;;
arch=*)arch=${1#arch=}
shift
;;
target=*)target=${1#target=}
shift
;;
url=*)url=${1#url=}
shift
;;
desktop=*)desktop=${1#desktop=}
shift
;;
x=*)x=${1#x=}
shift
;;
cleanroot=*)cleanroot=${1#cleanroot=}
shift
;;
release=*)release=${1#release=}
shift
;;
*debug*)debug="debug"
# echo $debug
shift
;;
--help)usage
shift
;;
*)
shift
;;
esac
done
}
arch_set()
{
local ch
echo "Set Arch"
if [ "x$arch" == "x" ];then
echo -n "Enter you computer arch(default=i386):"
read ch
arch="i386"
if [ "x$ch" == "x" ];then
echo "arch=$arch"
else
arch=$ch
fi
fi
echo ""
}
target_set()
{
echo "Set the target "
echo ""
local count
if [ "x$target" == "x" ];then
if [ -d /usr/lib/debootstrap/scripts ];then
/bin/ls /usr/lib/debootstrap/scripts |grep -v root|grep -v build > /tmp/ls.out
else
echo "debootstrap isn't installed "
return -244
fi
count=1
exec </tmp/ls.out
while read ch
do
echo "$count. $ch "
let count=$count+1
done >/tmp/target.out
exec <&1
while true
do
echo "This is some targets:"
cat /tmp/target.out
echo -n "Your chioce:"
read count
# echo $count
if [ "x$count" == "x" ];then
count="1"
echo "your chioce is 1"
fi
case $count in
[1-9][0-9]|[1-9]) target=$(head -n $count /tmp/target.out |tail -n 1|awk '{print $2}')
;;
*)
target=$count
;;
esac
# echo "count=$count target=$target"
count=$(cat /tmp/ls.out|grep $target )
# echo "count=$count target=$target"
if [ "x$count" == "x$target" ];then
break
fi
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mIcorrect target !Try ones more \033[0;0;0m"
done
else
echo "target=$target"
fi
echo ""
}
root_set()
{
local ch
echo "Set root"
echo ""
if [ "x$root" == "x" ];then
root="/tmp/$arch"
##echo "Enter empty directory !"
echo -n "That root device will mount to(default=$root):"
read ch
if [ ! "x$ch" == "x" ];then
root=$ch
fi
else
echo "root=$root"
fi
if [ ! -d $root ] && [ -e $rootdev ];then
echo -n "do mount root ..."
mkdir -p $root
mount $rootdev $root
echo -n "Done."
fi
echo ""
}
rootdev_set()
{
echo "Set rootdev "
echo ""
if [ "x$rootdev" == "x" ];then
echo "Please input a root partition special file !(examples:/dev/sd* /dev/hd*)"
echo -n "(default is you needn't root partition):"
read rootdev
else
if [ "x$rootdev" == "xno" ]||[ ! -e $rootdev ];then
echo "Your secletion is no root partition ."
fi
fi
echo -e "rootdev=$rootdev\n"
}
url_set()
{
if [ ! "x$url" == "x" ];then
echo "url=$url"
return
fi
echo -e " Select mirrors\n"
echo "1 url=http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu"
echo "2 url=ftp://ftp.linuxforum.net/debian"
echo "3 url=file:/cdrom"
echo "4 url=http://debian.cn99.com/debian"
echo "5 url=http://apt.debian.org.tw/"
echo "6 url=http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/debian/"
echo "7 url=http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/"
echo -e "100 Enter yourself !\n"
echo -n "Your chioce :"
read ch
case $ch in
1) url=http://archive.ubuntu.org.cn/ubuntu ;;
2) url=ftp://ftp.linuxforum.net/debian ;;
3) url=file:/cdrom ;;
4) url=http://debian.cn99.com/debian ;;
5) url=http://apt.debian.org.tw/ ;;
6) url=http://mirror.dlut.edu.cn/debian ;;
7) url=http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ ;;
100) echo -n "your url boy/gril :" ;
read url ;;
*) url=ftp://ftp.linuxforum.net/debian ;;
esac
echo ""
}
base_install()
{
if [ "x$base" == "xno" ];then
return
fi
tmpout=""
rootdev_set
arch_set
target_set
root_set
clean_root
url_set
test_url
echo "Installing the base system ..."
echo -e "Please wait ...\n"
if debootstrap --arch $arch $target $root $url $tmpout;then
echo "Base system is OK !"
# echo "But I can't not promise .See detail in /tmp/install.log "
else
return $?
fi
echo ""
}
fstab_set()
{
if [ "x$rootdev" == "x" ];then
return 1
fi
if [ -e $rootdev ];then
ftype=`fstpye $rootdev` ##there are some problem here ftpye should not be
else ##ntfs swap vfat auto ro extened
return 2
fi
if [ -e $root/etc/fstab ] && grep proc $root/etc/fstab;then
return -1
fi
cat <<eof>$root/etc/fstab
$rootdev / $ftype defaults 0 0
none /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=144m 0 0
eof
}
host_set()
{
if [ -e $root/etc/hosts ];then
return
fi
cat <<eof>$root/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost $hostname
127.0.0.1 $hostname.domain $hostname
eof
cp -r /etc/network/interfaces $root/etc/network/interfaces
echo $hostname >$root/etc/hostname
if grep [Dd]ebian $root/etc/issue >/dev/null 2>&1 ;then
ap="contrib"
release="debian"
fi
if grep [Uu]buntu $root/etc/issue >/dev/null 2>&1 ;then
ap="restricted universe multiverse"
release="ubuntu"
fi
cat <<END>$root/etc/apt/sources.list
deb $url $target main $ap
END
####I have no ideal about how-to know debia/ubuntu so ...
}
kernel_install()
{
if [ "x$kernel" == "xno" ];then
return
fi
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mBegin to kernel installation\033[0;0;0m" ###right now I only know the green code
local count linux ch one
LC_ALL=C chroot $root mount -t proc none /proc
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get update
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-cache search linux-image|grep ^linux-image >/tmp/kernel.list
count=1
exec </tmp/kernel.list
while read one
do
echo "$count. $one"
let count=$count+1
done>/tmp/kernel.out
exec <&1
while true
do
echo -e "Which kernel would you like ?\n"
cat /tmp/kernel.out
echo ""
echo -n "Your chioce:"
read ch
case $ch in
[1-9][0-9]|[1-9]) linux=$(head -n $ch /tmp/kernel.out |tail -n 1|awk '{print $2}') ;;
*) linux=$ch ;;
esac
if [ "x$linux" == "x" ];then
linux=$(head -n 1 /tmp/kernel.out |tail -n 1|awk '{print $2}')
fi
ch=$(cat /tmp/kernel.out|awk '{print $2}'| grep $linux\$ 2>/dev/null)
if [ "x$ch" == "x$linux" ];then
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get install --yes -q $linux
break
fi
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mIcorrect kernel name try againt ! \033[0;0;0m"
done
echo ""
}
useful_install()
{
if [ ! -e /proc/version ];then
LC_ALL=C chroot $root mount -t proc none /proc
fi
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get update
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get install --yes build-essential man manpages nano
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get install --yes -q alsa-base alsa-utils locales ##be sure locales is installed
}
x_set()
{
echo -e "Set X:\n"
if [ "x$x" == "x" ];then
echo "would you like the X-Window system ?"
echo -n "(default=yes yes/no):"
read ch
x="yes"
if [ "x$ch" == "x" ];then
echo "x=$x"
else
x=$ch
case $x in
[Yy]|[yY][eE][Ss])
x="yes"
;;
[nN]|[nN][oO])
x="no"
;;
*)
x=yes
;;
esac
fi
else
echo "x=$x"
fi
if [ "$x" == "no" ];then
return 1
fi
desktop_set
}
desktop_set()
{
echo -e "Set Desktop:\n"
if [ X$x == X"no" ];then
return 1
fi
if [ "x$desktop" == "x" ];then
echo "What would you like to install for you desktop ?"
echo -n "gnome/kde/xfce4(defaulf=gnome):"
desktop=gnome
read ch
if [ "x$ch" == "x" ];then
echo "desktop is $desktop"
else
desktop=$ch
fi
else
echo -e "desktop=$desktop\n"
fi
}
desktop_install()
{
local ttf human language extras dm
case $desktop in
gnome*)
dm=gdm ;;
kde*)
dm=kdm ;;
xfce*)
dm=gdm ;; ###I don't know xfce dm so gdm
*)
dm=gdm ;; ###gdm it's what I like !!
esac
ttf="ttf-arphic-uming ttf-dejavu" ##I don't know what ttf-dejavu do but both debian&ubuntu install it
locales="/etc/locale.gen"
extras="libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-extra "
if [ "x$release" == "xubuntu" ] &&( [ "x$desktop" == "xgnome" ] || [ "x$desktop" == "xgnome-core" ] );then
human="human-theme human-icon-theme human-cursors-theme ${target}-wallpapers ${target}-session-splashes " ###ubuntu must be a human themes
language="language-pack-gnome-zh language-pack-gnome-zh-base language-pack-zh-base language-pack-zh mozilla-firefox-locale-zh-cn"
locales="/var/lib/locales/supported.d/locales"
extras=" gnome-media gnome-volume-manager acpi gnome-applets gedit gnome-terminal ${target}-gdm-themes"
fi
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get update >/dev/null 2>&1
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mInstalling the xorg Xserver $xorg.... \033[0;0;0m"
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get install --yes -q $xorg xfonts-base
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mDone.\033[0;0;0m"
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mInstall $dm $desktop $human $ttf $extras $language .........\033[0;0;0m"
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get install --yes --force-yes -q $dm $desktop $human $ttf $extras $language
LC_ALL=C chroot $root apt-get install --yes samba samba-common firefox eog gthumb
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mDone.\033[0;0;0m"
}
do_main() ##just like a c
{
. funs.sh
if [ -e install.set ];then
. ./install.set
fi
args $@
if [ "x$debug" == "xdebug" ];then
return
fi
echo -e "\033[0;0;32mHi,boy/girl we will go to debian/ubuntu installation"
echo -e "And what will be installed that depend on your url and target\033[0;0;0m"
echo ""
if ! is_root ;then ### I think that can only the root debootstrap !!
return $?
fi
if base_install 2>&1;then
echo "base_install is OK !!"
else
echo "Error when install base return code $?"
echo "See some messages in /tmp/install.log"
return -1
fi
host_set
fstab_set
kernel_install
user_add
echo -n "Installing gcc g++ alsa ... "
if useful_install > /tmp/usefull.log 2>&1;then
echo "Done ."
else
echo "Error . return code $?"
echo "See messages in /tmp/usefull.log"
fi
if x_set ;then
echo "X-Window will be installed later"
else
echo "Error when set X return code $?"
return -3
fi
echo ""
echo "Installing the desktop environment ...."
if desktop_install || unset_all;then
set_locales
echo "Things seem to be OK !!"
unset_all
else
echo "Things don't go well. return code $?"
fi
return $?
}
do_main $@ ###script do things begin here