shutdown -h now 命令 在crontab里重启

[ouleiqi]

问题：
/etc/crontab配置如下：

代码： 全选

0  0    * * *   root /sbin/shutdown -h now

最近查看启动日志，发现每次关机后立即启动了，一个月之前的日志都是好好的。

改为了-P命令，就可以了：

代码： 全选

0  0    * * *   root /sbin/shutdown -P now

测试内容：

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$ sudo shutdown -h now #系统不重启
# shutdown -h now # 系统也不重启

但是 修改 /etc/crontab 里的调用时间，比如改为

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10  13    * * *   root /sbin/shutdown -h now

当前时间13点9分。 （BIOS定时5点开机，不会干扰）

1分钟后系统关机，接着就立即启动了。 多次测试可以复现。

然后改为 -P 就没问题了。-h 和-P不是一样的吗？为什么会出现这种情况？

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       -P, --poweroff
           Power-off the machine (the default).

       -r, --reboot
           Reboot the machine.

       -h
           Equivalent to --poweroff, unless --halt is specified.

系统版本：

代码： 全选

Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS
Release:        20.04
Codename:       focal

[astolia]

不知道。在用-h重启后，用journalctl -eb -1看下关机的最后阶段有没有发生什么错误

[ouleiqi]

版主又是你来帮忙看问题，辛苦了。


-42日志关机后，28秒后就又开机了：

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-42 deb2a6401c8d4e028ee6e857d9bcc2cd Fri 2021-12-03 16:19:19 CST—Sat 2021-12-04 23:59:12 CST
-41 5166e9959e7e46ab8141dd2860558bf3 Sat 2021-12-04 23:59:39 CST—Sun 2021-12-05 01:19:54 CST

关机前的最后部分日志：

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$ sudo journalctl -eb -42 | tail -n 100
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Removed slice User and Session Slice.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped target Sockets.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: cloud-init-hotplugd.socket: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Closed cloud-init hotplug hook socket.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dbus.socket: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Closed D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: epmd.socket: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Closed Erlang Port Mapper Daemon Activation Socket.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: iscsid.socket: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Closed Open-iSCSI iscsid Socket.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: syslog.socket: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Closed Syslog Socket.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: uuidd.socket: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Closed UUID daemon activation socket.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped target System Initialization.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped target Local Encrypted Volumes.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-ask-password-wall.path: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped target Swap.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivating swap /dev/disk/by-id/ata-120GB_SSD_G31048M010817-part3...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Raise network interfaces...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Network Name Resolution...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Network Time Synchronization...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-timesyncd.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Network Time Synchronization.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-resolved.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Network Name Resolution.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Network Service...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-update-utmp.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Create Volatile Files and Directories.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: networking.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Raise network interfaces.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped target Local File Systems.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Unmounting /boot...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Unmounting /home/nextcloud/data/appdata_oc3is4osud7n/preview...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-scsi\x2d1ATA_120GB_SSD_G31048M010817\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-1ATA_120GB_SSD_G31048M010817-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-scsi\x2d0ATA_120GB_SSD_G31048M010817\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0ATA_120GB_SSD_G31048M010817-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-ata\x2d120GB_SSD_G31048M010817\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/ata-120GB_SSD_G31048M010817-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2dpath-pci\x2d0000:00:1f.2\x2data\x2d2\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-ata-2-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-scsi\x2d3502b2a201d1c1b1a\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-3502b2a201d1c1b1a-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-wwn\x2d0x502b2a201d1c1b1a\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x502b2a201d1c1b1a-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-scsi\x2dSATA_120GB_SSD_G31048M010817\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_120GB_SSD_G31048M010817-part3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-56c7cff7\x2d9246\x2d4e19\x2dbf1c\x2d3682a2e47c82.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-partuuid/56c7cff7-9246-4e19-bf1c-3682a2e47c82.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-sdb3.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/sdb3.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2duuid-bc6d84db\x2d7359\x2d42c9\x2d8009\x2d682ab546eb12.swap: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-uuid/bc6d84db-7359-42c9-8009-682ab546eb12.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: home-nextcloud-data-appdata_oc3is4osud7n-preview.mount: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Unmounted /home/nextcloud/data/appdata_oc3is4osud7n/preview.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: boot.mount: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Unmounted /boot.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Unmounting /home...
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-59177536\x2d71d5\x2d48d4\x2dab4d\x2d5a2efe31a319.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/59177536-71d5-48d4-ab4d-5a2efe31a319.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Removed slice system-systemd\x2dfsck.slice.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-networkd.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Network Service.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-sysctl.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Apply Kernel Variables.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-modules-load.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:11 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Load Kernel Modules.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: home.mount: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Unmounted /home.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped target Local File Systems (Pre).
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Reached target Unmount All Filesystems.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling...
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver multipathd[566]: exit (signal)
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver multipathd[566]: --------shut down-------
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopping Device-Mapper Multipath Device Controller...
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-sysusers.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Create System Users.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-remount-fs.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: multipathd.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Device-Mapper Multipath Device Controller.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver lvm[187474]:   1 logical volume(s) in volume group "ubuntu-vg" unmonitored
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: lvm2-monitor.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Stopped Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Reached target Shutdown.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Reached target Final Step.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: systemd-poweroff.service: Succeeded.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Finished Power-Off.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Reached target Power-Off.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd[1]: Shutting down.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd-shutdown[1]: Syncing filesystems and block devices.
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGTERM to remaining processes...
Dec 04 23:59:12 yxhserver systemd-journald[412]: Journal stopped

[qadqingkong]

我发现在VBOX虚拟机里
poweroff 关机好用
halt 最后不断电，但是系统关了

shutdown -h 也一样 但是不是一定会黑不断电

[TeliuTe]

我没用now，用的具体时间,Ubuntu16.04

02 20 * * * sudo shutdown -h 20:05
#每天20:02分执行关机命令，20:05分关机

[astolia]

我发现在VBOX虚拟机里
poweroff 关机好用
halt 最后不断电，但是系统关了

shutdown -h 也一样 但是不是一定会黑不断电

halt的语义本来就只有停机，不包含断电

[astolia]

从systemctl的代码来看，shutdown -h now和shutdown -P now的执行流程是没有区别的。非root和root用户执行会有些区别，但和你这个也没什么关系。

1分钟后系统关机，接着就立即启动了。 多次测试可以复现。

你说多次测试可以复现，是稳定复现，还是高概率复现？因为你前面说每次都是重启，但日志又是好些天前的。
日志里每次关机和重启之间的间隔是基本相同的吗？

还有你机器所在的网络环境是怎么样的？bios里面有没有开网络唤醒之类的？

[ouleiqi]

最近的日志如下：

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 -8 282fac00f36848109733b0cb22127a21 Sun 2021-12-19 14:46:44 CST—Sun 2021-12-19 14:49:07 CST
 -7 792b33365b19486080b25ac884684479 Sun 2021-12-19 14:49:44 CST—Mon 2021-12-20 00:00:08 CST
 -6 9e1c05975c9940a4bf7ac481dc8b7962 Mon 2021-12-20 05:00:23 CST—Sun 2021-12-26 00:00:12 CST
 -5 a10e149868934b42becd7e8968f667ef Sun 2021-12-26 00:00:39 CST—Mon 2021-12-27 18:49:42 CST
 -4 df9501b3587c49e7be13572d2c7b8041 Mon 2021-12-27 18:50:09 CST—Mon 2021-12-27 18:53:32 CST
 -3 471f219639114ad89aa548b1bcc7e2cc Mon 2021-12-27 18:55:04 CST—Mon 2021-12-27 19:08:10 CST
 -2 63061c9980e949aaa87b98d94ba97ebd Mon 2021-12-27 19:08:46 CST—Tue 2021-12-28 00:00:12 CST
 -1 fc9e25e4117049c8b809e13e6a0f8cb6 Tue 2021-12-28 05:00:23 CST—Wed 2021-12-29 00:00:08 CST
  0 0c84b463658f48bca0eb73444360371a Wed 2021-12-29 05:00:23 CST—Wed 2021-12-29 08:24:32 CST

-7日志，改为了0点

代码： 全选

 0  0    * * *   root /sbin/shutdown -P now

和之前一样每天重启一次，最近两天没出现问题，应该不是命令的问题，感觉硬件的可能性比较大，先跑几个月，总结下规律再来求助吧。

感谢各位的答复。

[ouleiqi]

找到规律了：

首先机器设置了BIOS的定时开机，以及来电后自动开机选项。

这时候如果运行个一周以上，然后定时关机，就会复现上面的问题。

目前的解决办法是每周一凌晨2点的时候，每5分钟执行一次关机命令，当第二次执行shutdown 后，就不会自动重启了：

代码： 全选

 */5  2   * * 1   root /sbin/shutdown -P now