求救：boot下空间不足，导致既不能删除就内核，也不能升级新版本

xylitj · #1

求救各位大侠：boot下空间不足，导致既不能删除就内核，也不能升级新版本

xylitj · #2

a5516322 · #3

搞一个够大的新分区把boot下的文件复制过去
修改启动挂载设置，把boot指到新分区

xylitj · #4

请问具体怎么弄啊，我刚学linux不会弄呢

vickycq · #5

执行以下指令将结果全部复制贴上来

代码：全选

uname -a
dpkg -l | grep linux-image
df -h
du -sh /boot/*

TeliuTe · #6

进live cd 手动删除一两个旧内核

poloshiao · #7

1. 先了解你的掛載分割區情況再給你建議

2. 如果可以登入試用桌面把下面指令複製貼進終端機執行
2-1. sudo efibootmgr -v
2-2. sudo parted -l print
2-3. sudo cat /mnt/etc/fstab # /mnt 見 2-3-1
2-3-1. 把原來掛載 / 的分割區掛載到 /mnt
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt # 請以原來掛載 / 的分割區取代 /dev/sda1
2-4. 把 2-1, 2-2, 2-3 結果全部直接選取/複製/貼上來
不要摘錄以免遺漏重要訊息
不要擷圖方便回文直接引用你貼上來的資料方便你閱讀

poloshiao · #8

viewtopic.php?p=3191367#p3191367

tang.zhe · #9

viewtopic.php?f=86&t=482967

xylitj · #10

vickycq 写了：执行以下指令将结果全部复制贴上来
代码：全选
uname -a
dpkg -l | grep linux-image
df -h
du -sh /boot/*

按照你的提示，我执行了命令，结果如下：

xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ uname -a
Linux xyli-Lenovo 4.8.0-43-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Thu Mar 16 15:13:26 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ dpkg -l | grep linux-image
rc linux-image-3.19.0-37-generic 3.19.0-37.42~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-60-generic 3.19.0-60.67~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-61-generic 3.19.0-61.69~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-58-generic 4.4.0-58.79 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.8.0-43-generic 4.8.0-43.46 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.8.0-44-generic 4.8.0-44.47 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.8.0-45-generic 4.8.0-45.48 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-53-generic 4.4.0-53.74 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-58-generic 4.4.0-58.79 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.8.0-43-generic 4.8.0-43.46 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-extra-4.8.0-44-generic 4.8.0-44.47 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-extra-4.8.0-45-generic 4.8.0-45.48 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic 4.8.0-46.49 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iH linux-image-extra-4.8.0-47-generic 4.8.0-47.50 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic 4.8.0-48.51 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-generic 4.8.0.48.60 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.2G 9.7M 1.2G 1% /run
/dev/sda6 21G 7.1G 12G 38% /
tmpfs 5.9G 400K 5.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda8 180M 174M 0 100% /boot
/dev/sda9 77G 27G 46G 37% /home
tmpfs 1.2G 96K 1.2G 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 100M 32M 69M 32% /media/xyli/系统保留
/dev/sda2 196G 143G 54G 73% /media/xyli/68EC6879EC684382
/dev/sda5 346G 115G 231G 34% /media/xyli/B6C859BFC8597F15
/dev/sda3 291G 152G 140G 52% /media/xyli/9A3050F93050DE37
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ du -sh /boot/*
1.4M /boot/abi-4.8.0-43-generic
1.4M /boot/abi-4.8.0-44-generic
1.4M /boot/abi-4.8.0-45-generic
195K /boot/config-4.8.0-43-generic
195K /boot/config-4.8.0-44-generic
195K /boot/config-4.8.0-45-generic
6.8M /boot/grub
9.4M /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-46-generic
40M /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-43-generic
40M /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
40M /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
du: cannot read directory '/boot/lost+found': Permission denied
12K /boot/lost+found
179K /boot/memtest86+.bin
181K /boot/memtest86+.elf
181K /boot/memtest86+_multiboot.bin
3.9M /boot/System.map-4.8.0-43-generic
3.9M /boot/System.map-4.8.0-44-generic
3.9M /boot/System.map-4.8.0-45-generic
7.2M /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-43-generic
7.2M /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
7.2M /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic

vickycq · #11

不要重新启动计算机（即保证 uname -a 汇报 4.8.0-43-generic），先执行以下指令

代码：全选

sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-46-generic
sudo apt purge linux-image-4.8.0-44-generic linux-image-4.8.0-45-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-44-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-45-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-47-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo update-grub

重新启动计算机。

鉴于您的 boot 分区只有 180M，您也可以考虑不再升级内核

代码：全选

sudo apt-mark hold linux-generic linux-image-generic

xylitj · #12

vickycq 写了：不要重新启动计算机（即保证 uname -a 汇报 4.8.0-43-generic），先执行以下指令
代码：全选
sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-46-generic
sudo apt purge linux-image-4.8.0-44-generic linux-image-4.8.0-45-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-44-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-45-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-47-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo update-grub
重新启动计算机。

鉴于您的 boot 分区只有 180M，您也可以考虑不再升级内核
代码：全选
sudo apt-mark hold linux-generic linux-image-generic

按照你前面的建议，我执行了，但是有错误发生。请帮忙看看。

xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ uname -a
Linux xyli-Lenovo 4.8.0-43-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Thu Mar 16 15:13:26 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
[sudo] password for xyli:
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
rm: cannot remove '/boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic': No such file or directory
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
rm: cannot remove '/boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic': No such file or directory
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo rm /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-46-generic
rm: cannot remove '/boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-46-generic': No such file or directory
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo apt purge linux-image-4.8.0-44-generic linux-image-4.8.0-45-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-44-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-45-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-47-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic but it is not installable
Depends: linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up linux-image-extra-4.8.0-45-generic (4.8.0-45.48) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.8.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.8.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.8.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.8.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.8.0-45-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-43-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-43-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sda1
done
Setting up linux-image-extra-4.8.0-44-generic (4.8.0-44.47) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.8.0-44-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-44-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.8.0-44-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.8.0-44-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.8.0-44-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.8.0-44-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-43-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-43-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sda1
done
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic:
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic depends on linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic; however:
Package linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic:
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic depends on linux-image-4.8.0-46-generic; however:
Package linux-image-4.8.0-46-generic is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:
linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic; however:
Package linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic is not installed.
linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic; however:
Package linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up linux-headers-4.8.0-48 (4.8.0-48.51) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.8.0-48-generic (4.8.0-48.51) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 4.8.0.48.60); however:
Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up linux-headers-generic (4.8.0.48.60) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-46-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-generic
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$ sudo update-grub
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-45-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-45-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-44-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-44-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-43-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-43-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /memtest86+.bin
Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sda1
done
xyli@xyli-Lenovo:~$

vickycq · #13

xylitj 写了：linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic but it is not installable
Depends: linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic but it is not going to be installed

1. 尝试执行一次 sudo apt update 刷新软件包列表
2. 您也可以暂时移除 linux-image-generic。如果您以后不打算再更新内核，可以不再安装
(如果 1. 有效则不需要这样做。)

代码：全选

sudo apt-mark manual linux-image-4.8.0-43-generic 
sudo apt-mark manual linux-image-extra-4.8.0-43-generic
sudo apt purge linux-image-generic

3. 执行以下指令将结果贴上来看看

代码：全选

cat /etc/os-release

4. 将 /etc/apt/sources.list 的内容贴上来看看

百草谷居士 · #14

单独给boot一个分区是错误的

xylitj · #15

vickycq 写了：
xylitj 写了：linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.8.0-48-generic but it is not installable
Depends: linux-image-extra-4.8.0-48-generic but it is not going to be installed
1. 尝试执行一次 sudo apt update 刷新软件包列表

这个命令我执行了，没有出错

[/quote]
2. 您也可以暂时移除 linux-image-generic。如果您以后不打算再更新内核，可以不再安装
(如果 1. 有效则不需要这样做。)
[/quote]
这个我没有执行。

[/quote]
3. 执行以下指令将结果贴上来看看

代码：全选

cat /etc/os-release

[/quote]

执行的结果是：

NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="16.10 (Yakkety Yak)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.10"
VERSION_ID="16.10"
HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-p ... acy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=yakkety
UBUNTU_CODENAME=yakkety

[/quote]
4. 将 /etc/apt/sources.list 的内容贴上来看看
[/quote]
内容是：

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS _Trusty Tahr_ - Beta amd64 (20150805)]/ trusty main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety main restricted #Added by software-properties

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety multiverse universe #Added by software-properties

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-updates multiverse universe restricted main #Added by software-properties

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-security multiverse universe restricted main #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-security multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu yakkety partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu yakkety partner

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ yakkety-proposed multiverse restricted universe main